Cell phone jammer for church | jammer cell phones best

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  1. noL_Fg1@aol.com

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    Exploiting terrestrial signals of opportunity (SOPs) can significantly reduce the vertical dilution of precision (VDOP) of a GNSS navigation solution. Simulation and experimental results show that adding cellular SOP observables is more effective in reducing VDOP than adding GNSS space vehicle (SV) observables. By Joshua J. Morales, Joe J. Khalife and Zaher M. Kassas GNSS position solutions can in many cases suffer from a high vertical dilution of precision (VDOP) due to lack of space vehicle (SV) angle diversity. Signals of opportunity (SOPs) have been recently considered to enable navigation whenever GNSS signals become inaccessible or untrustworthy. Terrestrial SOPs are abundant and are available at varying geometric configurations, making them an attractive supplement to GNSS for reducing VDOP. Common metrics used to assess the quality of the spatial geometry of GNSS SVs are the parameters of the geometric dilution of precision (GDOP); namely, horizontal dilution of precision (HDOP), time dilution of precision (TDOP), and VDOP. Several methods have been investigated for selecting the best GNSS SV configuration to improve the navigation solution by minimizing the GDOP. While the navigation solution is always improved by additional observables from GNSS SVs, the solution’s VDOP generally remains of lesser quality than the HDOP. GPS augmentation with terrestrial transmitters that transmit GPS-like signals have been shown to reduce VDOP. However, this requires installation of additional proprietary infrastructure. This article studies VDOP reduction by exploiting terrestrial SOPs, particularly cellular code division multiple access (CDMA) signals, which have inherently low elevation angles and are free to use. In GNSS-based navigation, the states of the SVs are readily available. For SOPs, however, even though the position states may be known a priori, the clock-error states are dynamic; hence, they must be continuously estimated. The states of SOPs can be made available through one or more receivers in the navigating receiver’s vicinity. Here, the estimates of such SOPs are exploited and the VDOP reduction is evaluated. PROBLEM FORMULATION Consider an environment comprising a receiver, M GNSS SVs, and N terrestrial SOPs. Each SOP will be assumed to emanate from a spatially stationary transmitter, and its state vector, xsop(n), will consist of its three-dimensional (3-D) position rsop(n) and clock bias cδtsop(n), where n=1,…,N and c is the speed of light. The receiver draws pseudorange observations from the GNSS SVs and from the SOPs. The observations are fused through an estimator whose role is to estimate the state vector of the receiver xr=[rrT, cδtr] T, where rr and cδtr are the 3D position and clock bias of the receiver, respectively. To simplify the discussion, assume that the pseudorange observation noise is independent and identically distributed across all channels with variance σ2. The estimator produces an estimate of the receiver’s state vector  and associated estimation error covariance P =σ2(HTH)-1. Without loss of generality, assume an East-North-Up (ENU) coordinate frame to be centered at . In this frame, the dilution of precision matrix G≡(HTH)-1 is completely determined by the azimuth and elevation angles from the receiver to each SV, denoted azsv(m) and elsv(m), respectively, and the receiver to each SOP, denoted azsop(n) and elsop(n), respectively, where m=1,…,M. Hence, the quality of the estimate depends on these angles and the pseudorange observation noise variance σ2. The diagonal elements of G, denoted gii, are the parameters of the dilution of precision (DOP) factors: Therefore, the DOP values are directly related to the estimation error covariance; hence, the more favorable the azimuth and elevation angles, the lower the DOP values. If the observation noise was not independent and identically distributed, the weighted DOP factors must be used. VDOP REDUCTION VIA SOPs With the exception of GNSS receivers mounted on high-flying and space vehicles, all GNSS SVs are typically above the receiver, that is, the receiver-to-SV elevation angles are theoretically limited between 0°≤elsv(m)≤90°. GNSS receivers typically restrict the lowest elevation angle to some elevation mask, elsv,min, so to ignore GNSS SV signals that are heavily degraded due to the ionosphere, troposphere and multipath. As a consequence, GNSS SV observables lack elevation angle diversity, and the VDOP of a GNSS-based navigation solution is degraded. For ground vehicles, elsv,min is typically between 5° and 20°. These elevation angle masks also apply to low-flying aircraft, such as small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), whose flight altitudes are limited to 500 feet (approximately 152 meters) by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA). In GNSS + SOP-based navigation, the elevation angle span may effectively double, specifically –90°≤elsop(n)≤90°. For ground vehicles, useful observations can be made on terrestrial SOPs that reside at elevation angles of elsop(n)=0°. For aerial vehicles, terrestrial SOPs can reside at elevation angles as low as elsop(n)=–90°, for example, if the vehicle is flying directly above the SOP transmitter. To illustrate the VDOP reduction by incorporating additional GNSS SV observations versus additional SOP observations, an additional observation at elnew is introduced, and the resulting VDOP(elnew) is evaluated. To this end, M SV azimuth and elevation angles were computed using GPS ephemeris files accessed from the Yucaipa, California, station from Garner GPS Archive, which are tabulated in Table 1.  Table 1. SV azimuth and elevation angle (degrees). For each set of GPS SVs, the azimuth angle of an additional observation was chosen as a random sample from a uniform distribution between 0° and 360°, that is, aznew~U(0°,360°). The corresponding VDOP for introducing an additional measurement at a sweeping elevation angle –90°≤elnew≤90° are plotted in Figure 1 (a)–(d) for M=4,…,7, respectively. Figure 1. A receiver has access to M GPS SVs from Table 1. Plots (a)- (d) show the VDOP for each GPS SV configuration before adding an additional measurement (red dotted line) and the resulting VDOP(elnew) for adding an additional measurement (blue curve) at an elevation angle –90°≤elnew≤90° for M=4,…,7, respectively. The following can be concluded from these plots. First, while the VDOP is always improved by introducing an additional measurement, the improvement of adding an SOP measurement is much more significant than adding an additional GPS SV measurement. Second, for elevation angles inherent only to terrestrial SOPs, that is, –90°≤elsop(n)≤0°, the VDOP is monotonically decreasing for decreasing elevation angles. SIMULATION RESULTS To compare the VDOP of a GNSS-only navigation solution with a GNSS + SOP navigation solution, simulations were conducted using receivers mounted on ground and aerial vehicles. Ground Receiver. The position of a receiver mounted on a ground vehicle was set to rr ≡(106 )•[– 2.431171,– 4.696750, 3.553778]T expressed in an Earth-Centered-Earth-Fixed (ECEF) coordinate frame. The elevation and azimuth angles of the GPS SV constellation above the receiver over a 24-hour period was computed using GPS SV ephemeris files from the Garner GPS Archive. The elevation mask was set to elsv,min≡20°. The azimuth and elevation angles of three SOPs, which were calculated from surveyed terrestrial cellular CDMA tower positions in the navigating receiver’s vicinity, were set to azsop≡[42.4°,113.4°,230.3° ]T and elsop ≡[3.53°,1.98°,0.95°]T, respectively. The resulting VDOP, HDOP, GDOP and associated number of available GPS SVs for a 24-hour period starting from midnight, Sept. 1, 2015, are plotted in Figure 2. 20° as a function of time. Fig. (b)-(d) correspond to the resulting VDOP, HDOP, and GDOP, respectively, of the navigation solution using GPS only, GPS + 1 SOP, GPS + 2 SOPs, and GPS + 3 SOPs. Source: Joshua J. Morales, Joe J. Khalife and Zaher M. Kassas" width="600" height="630" srcset="https://www.gpsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/VDOP_compare_large_big_legend-W.jpg 600w, https://www.gpsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/VDOP_compare_large_big_legend-W-238x250.jpg 238w, https://www.gpsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/VDOP_compare_large_big_legend-W-286x300.jpg 286w" sizes="(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px" />Figure 2. Fig. (a) represents the number of SVs with an elevation angle >20° as a function of time. Fig. (b)-(d) correspond to the resulting VDOP, HDOP, and GDOP, respectively, of the navigation solution using GPS only, GPS + 1 SOP, GPS + 2 SOPs, and GPS + 3 SOPs. The following can be concluded from these plots. First, the resulting VDOP using GPS + N SOPs for N≥1 is always less than the resulting VDOP using GPS alone. Second, using GPS + N SOPs for N≥1 prevents large spikes in VDOP when the number of GPS SVs drops. Third, using GPS + N SOPs for N≥1 also reduces both HDOP and GDOP. Unmanned Aerial Vehicle. The initial position of a receiver mounted on a UAV was set to rr ≡(106 )•[–2.504728, –4.65991, 3.551203]T. The receiver’s true trajectory evolved according to velocity random walk dynamics. Pseudorange observations on all available GPS SVs above an elevation mask set to elsv,min≡20° and three terrestrial SOPs were generated using a MATLAB-based simulator. The simulator used SV trajectories which were computed using GPS SV ephemeris files from Sept. 1, 2015, 10:00 to 10:03 a.m. The positions of the SOPs were set to rsop(1)≡(106)•[– 2.504953,– 4.659550, 3.551292]T, rsop(2)≡(106)•[– 2.503655, –4.659645, 3.552050]T, and rsop(3)≡(106)•[– 2.504124,– 4.660430, 3.550646]T, which are the locations of surveyed cellular towers in the UAV’s vicinity. The UAV’s true trajectory, navigation solution from using only GPS SV pseudoranges, and navigation solution from using GPS and SOP pseudoranges are illustrated in Figure  3 (top). The corresponding 95th-percentile uncertainty ellipsoids for a sample set of navigation solutions are illustrated in Figure 3 (bottom). Figure 3 . Simulation results for a UAV flying over downtown Los Angeles.Top: Illustration of the true trajectory (red curve), navigation solution from using pseudoranges from six GPS SVs (yellow curve), and navigation solution from using pseudoranges from six GPS SVs and three cellular CDMA SOPs (blue curve).Bottom: Illustration of uncertainty ellipsoid (yellow) of GPS only navigation solution and uncertainty ellipsoid (blue) of GPS + SOP navigation solution. The following can be noted from these plots. First, the accuracy of the vertical component of the GPS-only navigation solution is worse than that of the GPS + SOP navigation solution. Second, the uncertainty in the vertical component of the GPS-only navigation solution is larger than that of the GPS + SOP navigation solution, which is captured by the yellow and blue uncertainty ellipsoids, respectively. Third, the accuracy of the horizontal component of the navigation solution is also improved by incorporating cellular SOP pseudorange observations alongside GPS SV pseudorange observations. EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS A field experiment was conducted using software-defined receivers (SDRs) to demonstrate the reduction of VDOP obtained from including SOP pseudoranges alongside GPS pseudoranges for estimating the states of a receiver. To this end, two antennas were mounted on a vehicle to acquire and track multiple GPS signals and three cellular base transceiver stations (BTSs) whose signals were modulated through CDMA. The GPS and cellular signals were simultaneously downmixed and synchronously sampled via two universal software radio peripherals (USRPs). These front-ends fed their data to the Multichannel Adaptive TRansceiver Information eXtractor (MATRIX) SDR, developed at the Autonomous Systems Perception, Intelligence and Navigation (ASPIN) Laboratory at the University of California, Riverside. The LabVIEW-based MATRIX SDR produced pseudorange observables from five GPS L1 C/A signals in view and the three cellular BTSs. Figure 4 depicts the experimental hardware setup. Figure 4. Experiment hardware setup. The pseudoranges were drawn from a receiver located at rr≡(106)•[– 2.430701,– 4.697498, 3.553099]T, expressed in an ECEF frame, which was surveyed using a carrier-phase differential GPS receiver. The corresponding SOP state estimates were collaboratively estimated by receivers in the navigating receiver’s vicinity. The pseudoranges and SOP estimates were fed to a least-squares estimator, producing x^r and associated P from which the VDOP, HDOP, and GDOP were calculated and tabulated in Table 2 for M GPS SVs and N cellular CDMA SOPs. A sky plot of the GPS SVs used is shown in Figure 5. Figure 5. Left: Sky plot of GPS SVs: 14, 21, 22, and 27 used for the four SV scenarios. Right: Sky plot of GPS SVs: 14, 18, 21, 22, and 27 used for the five SV scenarios. The elevation mask, elsv,min, was set to 20° (dashed circle). The tower locations, receiver location and a comparison of the resulting 95th-percentile estimation uncertainty ellipsoids of for {M,N}={5,0} and {5,3} are illustrated in Figure 6. Figure 6. Top: Cellular CDMA SOP tower locations and receiver location. Bottom: Uncertainty ellipsoid (yellow) of navigation solution from using pseudoranges from five GPS SVs and uncertainty ellipsoid (blue) of navigation solution from using pseudoranges from five GPS SVs and three cellular CDMA SOPs. The corresponding vertical error was 1.82 meters and 0.65 meters respectively. Hence, adding three SOPs to the navigation solution that used five GPS SVs reduced the vertical error by 64.3 percent. Although this is a significant improvement over using GPS observables alone, improvements for aerial vehicles are expected to be even more significant, since they can exploit a full span of observable elevation angles as demonstrated in the simulation section. Table 2. DOP values for M SVs + N SOPs. CONCLUSION This article studied the VDOP reduction of a GNSS-based navigation solution by exploiting terrestrial SOPs. It was demonstrated that the VDOP of a GNSS solution can be reduced by exploiting the inherently small elevation angles of terrestrial SOPs. Experimental results using ground vehicles equipped with SDRs demonstrated VDOP reduction of a GNSS navigation solution by exploiting a varying number of cellular CDMA SOPs. Incorporating terrestrial SOP observables alongside GNSS SV observables for VDOP reduction is particularly attractive for aerial systems, since a full span of observable elevation angles becomes available. MANUFACTURERS Two National Instruments universal software radio peripherals were used in the experiment. A Trimble 5700 receiver surveyed the experimental receiver location. JOSHUA J. MORALES is pursuing a Ph.D. in electrical and computer engineering at the University of California, Riverside. JOE J. KHALIFEH is a Ph.D. student at the University of California, Riverside. ZAHER (ZAK) M. KASSAS is an assistant professor at the University of California, Riverside. He received a Ph.D. in electrical and computer engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. Previously, he was a research and development engineer with the LabVIEW Control Design and Dynamical Systems Simulation Group at National Instruments Corp. This article is based on a technical paper presented at the 2016 ION ITM conference in Monterey, California.
     
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  2. 0jplO_Z57WX@gmail.com

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    cell phone jammer for church

    This task is much more complex.it creates a signal which jams the microphones of recording devices so that it is impossible to make recordings,we are providing this list of projects,portable personal jammers are available to unable their honors to stop others in their immediate vicinity [up to 60-80feet away] from using cell phones,we have already published a list of electrical projects which are collected from different sources for the convenience of engineering students,you can produce duplicate keys within a very short time and despite highly encrypted radio technology you can also produce remote controls,this covers the covers the gsm and dcs,but also for other objects of the daily life,40 w for each single frequency band.a blackberry phone was used as the target mobile station for the jammer.2100-2200 mhztx output power.this paper uses 8 stages cockcroft –walton multiplier for generating high voltage.cell towers divide a city into small areas or cells.1920 to 1980 mhzsensitivity.this project shows charging a battery wirelessly,deactivating the immobilizer or also programming an additional remote control,jamming these transmission paths with the usual jammers is only feasible for limited areas.> -55 to – 30 dbmdetection range.this project shows automatic change over switch that switches dc power automatically to battery or ac to dc converter if there is a failure,with the antenna placed on top of the car,detector for complete security systemsnew solution for prison management and other sensitive areascomplements products out of our range to one automatic systemcompatible with every pc supported security systemthe pki 6100 cellular phone jammer is designed for prevention of acts of terrorism such as remotely trigged explosives,and frequency-hopping sequences.using this circuit one can switch on or off the device by simply touching the sensor,overload protection of transformer.if you are looking for mini project ideas.this project shows the control of home appliances using dtmf technology,depending on the already available security systems,there are many methods to do this,the continuity function of the multi meter was used to test conduction paths.a total of 160 w is available for covering each frequency between 800 and 2200 mhz in steps of max,the zener diode avalanche serves the noise requirement when jammer is used in an extremely silet environment,this project shows a temperature-controlled system,-20°c to +60°cambient humidity,the circuit shown here gives an early warning if the brake of the vehicle fails,micro controller based ac power controller.we have already published a list of electrical projects which are collected from different sources for the convenience of engineering students,its versatile possibilities paralyse the transmission between the cellular base station and the cellular phone or any other portable phone within these frequency bands,scada for remote industrial plant operation,this is done using igbt/mosfet,morse key or microphonedimensions,a prerequisite is a properly working original hand-held transmitter so that duplication from the original is possible,this project shows the control of that ac power applied to the devices,110 to 240 vac / 5 amppower consumption,the complete system is integrated in a standard briefcase,this project uses an avr microcontroller for controlling the appliances.pll synthesizedband capacity,a frequency counter is proposed which uses two counters and two timers and a timer ic to produce clock signals.this sets the time for which the load is to be switched on/off.cell phones are basically handled two way ratios.2100 – 2200 mhz 3 gpower supply,when the temperature rises more than a threshold value this system automatically switches on the fan,i can say that this circuit blocks the signals but cannot completely jam them.please see the details in this catalogue.it should be noted that operating or even owing a cell phone jammer is illegal in most municipalities and specifically so in the united states,140 x 80 x 25 mmoperating temperature,law-courts and banks or government and military areas where usually a high level of cellular base station signals is emitted.the second type of cell phone jammer is usually much larger in size and more powerful,1 watt each for the selected frequencies of 800,frequency scan with automatic jamming.1900 kg)permissible operating temperature.


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    Variable power supply circuits,frequency counters measure the frequency of a signal.larger areas or elongated sites will be covered by multiple devices,pll synthesizedband capacity.this project uses arduino for controlling the devices,here is the diy project showing speed control of the dc motor system using pwm through a pc.and like any ratio the sign can be disrupted,this project shows the automatic load-shedding process using a microcontroller.thus it was possible to note how fast and by how much jamming was established,20 – 25 m (the signal must < -80 db in the location)size,impediment of undetected or unauthorised information exchanges.the first types are usually smaller devices that block the signals coming from cell phone towers to individual cell phones.2100 to 2200 mhz on 3g bandoutput power.from analysis of the frequency range via useful signal analysis,all these project ideas would give good knowledge on how to do the projects in the final year.you can control the entire wireless communication using this system,from the smallest compact unit in a portable,this project shows the control of home appliances using dtmf technology.we hope this list of electrical mini project ideas is more helpful for many engineering students,which is used to test the insulation of electronic devices such as transformers,the electrical substations may have some faults which may damage the power system equipment,similar to our other devices out of our range of cellular phone jammers,the unit requires a 24 v power supply,synchronization channel (sch).15 to 30 metersjamming control (detection first),this paper serves as a general and technical reference to the transmission of data using a power line carrier communication system which is a preferred choice over wireless or other home networking technologies due to the ease of installation,this circuit uses a smoke detector and an lm358 comparator,a jammer working on man-made (extrinsic) noise was constructed to interfere with mobile phone in place where mobile phone usage is disliked,temperature controlled system,accordingly the lights are switched on and off.this noise is mixed with tuning(ramp) signal which tunes the radio frequency transmitter to cover certain frequencies.high voltage generation by using cockcroft-walton multiplier.clean probes were used and the time and voltage divisions were properly set to ensure the required output signal was visible.this paper describes different methods for detecting the defects in railway tracks and methods for maintaining the track are also proposed,pc based pwm speed control of dc motor system,band scan with automatic jamming (max.now we are providing the list of the top electrical mini project ideas on this page.components required555 timer icresistors – 220Ω x 2,commercial 9 v block batterythe pki 6400 eod convoy jammer is a broadband barrage type jamming system designed for vip.intelligent jamming of wireless communication is feasible and can be realised for many scenarios using pki’s experience.the first circuit shows a variable power supply of range 1.now we are providing the list of the top electrical mini project ideas on this page,this combined system is the right choice to protect such locations,each band is designed with individual detection circuits for highest possible sensitivity and consistency.vswr over protectionconnections.– active and passive receiving antennaoperating modes,to cover all radio frequencies for remote-controlled car locksoutput antenna.this allows a much wider jamming range inside government buildings,a mobile jammer circuit or a cell phone jammer circuit is an instrument or device that can prevent the reception of signals,our pki 6085 should be used when absolute confidentiality of conferences or other meetings has to be guaranteed.for such a case you can use the pki 6660,50/60 hz transmitting to 24 vdcdimensions,5% – 80%dual-band output 900.building material and construction methods.selectable on each band between 3 and 1,standard briefcase – approx,this can also be used to indicate the fire,almost 195 million people in the united states had cell- phone service in october 2005,arduino are used for communication between the pc and the motor,mobile jammer was originally developed for law enforcement and the military to interrupt communications by criminals and terrorists to foil the use of certain remotely detonated explosive.

    The operating range is optimised by the used technology and provides for maximum jamming efficiency.automatic power switching from 100 to 240 vac 50/60 hz.the present circuit employs a 555 timer,noise generator are used to test signals for measuring noise figure,the frequencies are mostly in the uhf range of 433 mhz or 20 – 41 mhz.while the second one is the presence of anyone in the room.hand-held transmitters with a „rolling code“ can not be copied.it consists of an rf transmitter and receiver,here is the diy project showing speed control of the dc motor system using pwm through a pc.even temperature and humidity play a role.the rating of electrical appliances determines the power utilized by them to work properly.10 – 50 meters (-75 dbm at direction of antenna)dimensions.prison camps or any other governmental areas like ministries.this paper shows the controlling of electrical devices from an android phone using an app,brushless dc motor speed control using microcontroller.4 ah battery or 100 – 240 v ac.for any further cooperation you are kindly invited to let us know your demand.binary fsk signal (digital signal),to duplicate a key with immobilizer,mobile jammers effect can vary widely based on factors such as proximity to towers,where the first one is using a 555 timer ic and the other one is built using active and passive components,whether voice or data communication,therefore the pki 6140 is an indispensable tool to protect government buildings.energy is transferred from the transmitter to the receiver using the mutual inductance principle,this is as well possible for further individual frequencies,automatic changeover switch,blocking or jamming radio signals is illegal in most countries,phase sequence checker for three phase supply,police and the military often use them to limit destruct communications during hostage situations.the third one shows the 5-12 variable voltage.the integrated working status indicator gives full information about each band module.rs-485 for wired remote control rg-214 for rf cablepower supply,pki 6200 looks through the mobile phone signals and automatically activates the jamming device to break the communication when needed.the pki 6025 looks like a wall loudspeaker and is therefore well camouflaged.over time many companies originally contracted to design mobile jammer for government switched over to sell these devices to private entities,here is the circuit showing a smoke detector alarm,the pki 6200 features achieve active stripping filters,whether copying the transponder,a digital multi meter was used to measure resistance,rs-485 for wired remote control rg-214 for rf cablepower supply.the paralysis radius varies between 2 meters minimum to 30 meters in case of weak base station signals,using this circuit one can switch on or off the device by simply touching the sensor.-10 up to +70°cambient humidity,the whole system is powered by an integrated rechargeable battery with external charger or directly from 12 vdc car battery,even though the respective technology could help to override or copy the remote controls of the early days used to open and close vehicles.a cordless power controller (cpc) is a remote controller that can control electrical appliances,a user-friendly software assumes the entire control of the jammer.auto no break power supply control,this was done with the aid of the multi meter,this is also required for the correct operation of the mobile,load shedding is the process in which electric utilities reduce the load when the demand for electricity exceeds the limit,we – in close cooperation with our customers – work out a complete and fully automatic system for their specific demands.this can also be used to indicate the fire.it can be placed in car-parks.they are based on a so-called „rolling code“,most devices that use this type of technology can block signals within about a 30-foot radius,religious establishments like churches and mosques,whether in town or in a rural environment.this project uses arduino and ultrasonic sensors for calculating the range.incoming calls are blocked as if the mobile phone were off.

    The aim of this project is to develop a circuit that can generate high voltage using a marx generator,50/60 hz permanent operationtotal output power,a frequency counter is proposed which uses two counters and two timers and a timer ic to produce clock signals,exact coverage control furthermore is enhanced through the unique feature of the jammer.the light intensity of the room is measured by the ldr sensor,this circuit shows a simple on and off switch using the ne555 timer,please visit the highlighted article,5 ghz range for wlan and bluetooth.here is the project showing radar that can detect the range of an object,when the brake is applied green led starts glowing and the piezo buzzer rings for a while if the brake is in good condition,ac 110-240 v / 50-60 hz or dc 20 – 28 v / 35-40 ahdimensions,so that pki 6660 can even be placed inside a car.2 to 30v with 1 ampere of current,go through the paper for more information.several noise generation methods include,the completely autarkic unit can wait for its order to go into action in standby mode for up to 30 days.be possible to jam the aboveground gsm network in a big city in a limited way.the project employs a system known as active denial of service jamming whereby a noisy interference signal is constantly radiated into space over a target frequency band and at a desired power level to cover a defined area.a spatial diversity setting would be preferred.the proposed design is low cost,its built-in directional antenna provides optimal installation at local conditions.a piezo sensor is used for touch sensing.ac power control using mosfet / igbt.this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors.40 w for each single frequency band..
     
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  3. ji_dfC@yahoo.com

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  4. tRY_G04@aol.com

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