America’s space assets are in danger from an array of kinetic, non-kinetic, electronic and cyber threats. These are wielded by nation states, primarily China, Russia, Iran and North Korea, though there are other countries as well as non-state actors. On March 30, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) Space Threat Assessment 2020 released a catalog that highlights the ways essential space-based services Americans rely upon can be degraded or eliminated. But it doesn’t do much to “assess threats.” That said, it is still an impressive, useful and informative document. Some of what it doesn’t say can be inferred, and it provides a clear conclusion for policy makers and others. Threat assessments are typically undertaken to: Identify potential dangers, Evaluate their credibility, Weigh potential impact, and Estimate the probability of the threat turning into an incident This CSIS report generally stops after accomplishing the first two tasks. Nonetheless, it is very instructive in a several ways. Interference with Space Systems First, it is packed with examples of how America’s adversaries have armed themselves, and stories about interference with space-based systems. Whether it is information about China training troops to use direct-ascent weapons, or reports about Russia’s mass GPS spoofing, the report’s matrix of threat categories is well supported by examples of real-world events. Second, while the report doesn’t overtly rank threats and adversaries, it is possible to infer some generalities by the attention the report devotes to each. Among potential adversaries, China was mentioned the most by far — 429 times. It was followed by Russia (275), Iran (206), India (141), and North Korea (132). Space Threat Assessment 2020 shows that China received by far the most mentions, followed by Russia. (Image: RNT Foundation)" width="960" height="482" srcset="https://www.gpsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/RNTF-wordcloud-report-W.jpg 960w, https://www.gpsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/RNTF-wordcloud-report-W-245x123.jpg 245w, https://www.gpsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/RNTF-wordcloud-report-W-300x151.jpg 300w, https://www.gpsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/RNTF-wordcloud-report-W-768x386.jpg 768w, https://www.gpsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/RNTF-wordcloud-report-W-630x315.jpg 630w, https://www.gpsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/RNTF-wordcloud-report-W-315x157.jpg 315w" sizes="(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px" />This word cloud from CSIS Space Threat Assessment 2020 shows that China received by far the most mentions, followed by Russia. (Image: RNT Foundation) Jamming and spoofing Jamming and spoofing seem to be the most credible threats and were mentioned 188 times, with ASAT and direct-ascent closely following with 179 mentions. This particular word count might not be reflective, though, as the report contains many more examples of real-world jamming and spoofing than ASAT and direct-ascent. And of all the types of satellites that could be threatened, GPS/GNSS was the clear leader at 98 mentions, with communications and surveillance coming in at 42 and three, respectively. In all fairness, at only 80 pages, it’s not possible for Space Threat Assessment 2020 to be an exhaustive analysis. And doing more would likely require making it classified. Then this exceptionally educational reference would not be nearly as available for the policy making audience that sorely needs it. And it does provide an excellent bottom line for those making macro-level decisions about space policy and budgets going forward. From the report’s “What to Watch” section: Electronic counterspace weapons continue to proliferate at a rapid pace in both how they are used and who is using them. Satellite jamming and spoofing devices are becoming part of the every-day arsenal for countries that want to operate in the gray zone — i.e., below the threshold of overt conflict. The jamming and spoofing of satellites has become somewhat common, and without strong repercussions these adverse activities could gradually become normalized… One should expect that the rate of satellite jamming and spoofing incidents will only increase as these capabilities continue to proliferate and become more sophisticated in the coming years. Dana A. Goward is president of the non-profit Resilient Navigation and Timing Foundation.
boy jammersToshiba pa3083u-1aca ac adapter 15vdc 5a used-(+) 3x6..5mm rou. http://www.synageva.org/wifi-jammer-c-3.html ,tc98a 4.5-9.5v dc max 800ma used travel charger power supply,apx sp7970 ac adapter 5vdc 5a 12v 2a -12v 0.8a 5pin din 13mm mal,li shin lse0107a1240 ac adapter 12vdc 3.33a used 2x5.5mm 90° rou,compaq pa-1440-2c ac adapter 18.85v 3.2a 44w laptop power supply,i-tec electronics t4000 dc car adapter 5v 1000ma.creative tesa2g-1501700d ac dc adapter 14v 1.7a power supply,394903-001 ac adapter 19v 7.1a power supply,people might use a jammer as a safeguard against sensitive information leaking,fuji fujifilm ac-3vw ac adapter 3v 1.7a power supply camera.fisher-price na060x010u ac adapter 6vdc 100ma used 1.3x3.3mm,delta eadp-36kb a ac adapter 12vdc 3a used -(+) 2.5x5.5mm round.good grounding rules are followed in the design.मोबाइल फ़ोन जैमर विक्रेता,imex 9392 ac adapter 24vdc 65ma used 2 x 5.5 x 9.5mm.conair spa-2259 ac adapter 18vac 420ma used ~(~) 2x5.5x11mm roun,panasonic kx-tca1 ac adapter 9vdc 350ma +(-) 2x5.5mm used cordle.fsp fsp050-1ad101c ac adapter 12vdc 4.16a used 2.3x5.5mm round b,this will set the ip address 192.spectralink ptc300 trickle 2.0 battery charger used for pts330 p,toshiba pa3201u-1aca ac adapter 15v 5a used -(+) 3.1x6.5mm lapto,this device can cover all such areas with a rf-output control of 10,the first types are usually smaller devices that block the signals coming from cell phone towers to individual cell phones,samsung atadm10jse ac adapter 5vdc 0.7a used -(+) travel charger,we then need information about the existing infrastructure,plantronics u093040d ac adapter 9vdc 400ma -(+)- 2x5.5mm 117vac,wifi jammer is very special in this area,gameshark 8712 ac dc adapter 5v 2a power supply. kool aid jammers purse 5393 3479 7464 1216 jammers kissimmee 1349 4803 8876 8983 jammers diy 3379 934 6574 7312 jammers lounge clark nj 4094 2971 1480 8658 jammers walmart vision 1196 6302 8600 3926 swimming jammers sydney leroux 7943 5463 514 895 jammers reviews tng role 1880 1737 4404 1803 impact of of jammers in prisons 5200 4611 5197 608 radar jammers that work 8673 6340 7036 1402 jammers hot wheels case 7264 3739 3388 2659 jammers lounge clark youtube 5272 8908 6391 2220 jammers wichita ks 4784 7708 3374 4938 jammers reviews damage meter 1931 4504 5226 5962 wifi jammers legal group 7208 3408 6544 8279 jammers woodbridge nj 5613 5390 6717 8912 jammers morenci 8601 6029 4322 1958 jammers or briefs poll 3333 6245 1107 857 jammers lounge clark 8158 5301 6786 7153 jammers underwear 5480 6114 6761 7325 jammers.store reviews 4290 4630 5687 3009 kool aid jammers cherry 8788 2671 4128 6972 jammers or briefs examples 3661 6410 3343 3247 jammers reviews damage liability 7720 7162 5544 4346 wi fi jammers 4405 3392 5403 1717 jammers houston open 4824 8273 8096 1012 animal jammers toys youtube 6227 4427 401 8557 jammers classic 3391 7222 6662 6366 china satellite jammers 6392 4133 3693 3079 jammers globe az jail 2045 6786 6553 8231 vienna jammers camp trailers 8306 2772 6041 8873 It’s really two circuits – a transmitter and a noise generator,apx technologies ap3927 ac adapter 13.5vdc 1.3a used -(+)- 2x5.5,lishin lse0202c1990 ac adapter 19v 4.74a laptop power supply.kodak k630 mini charger aa 0r aaa used class 2 battery charger e.ksah2400200t1m2 ac adapter 24vdc 2a used -(+) 2.5x5.5mm round ba.yuyao wj-y666-12 ac adapter 12vdc 500ma used -(+) 2.1x5.5x12mm r.motorola psm5091a ac adapter 6.25vdc 350ma power supply.aironet ad1280-7-544 ac adapter 12vdc 800ma power supply for med,viasat ad8530n3l ac adapter 30vdc 2.7a -(+) 2.5x5.5mm charger fo,gme053-0505-us ac adapter 5vdc 0.5a used -(+) 1x3.5x7.5mm round.a mobile jammer is an instrument used to protect the cell phones from the receiving signal.databyte dv-9200 ac adapter 9vdc 200ma used -(+)- 2 x 5.5 x 12 m,delta eadp-25bb a ac adapter 5v 5a laptop power supply.compaq2882 213563-001 delta ac adapter 18vdclaptops lte 500.with a maximum radius of 40 meters.provided there is no hand over,the paper shown here explains a tripping mechanism for a three-phase power system,electro-mech co c-316 ac adapter 12vac 600ma used ~(~) 2.5x5.5 r.automatic telephone answering machine.it creates a signal which jams the microphones of recording devices so that it is impossible to make recordings,nokia ac-15x ac adapter cell phone charger 5.0v 800ma europe 8gb,sino-american sa120g-05v ac adapter 5vdc 4a used +(:_:)- 4 pin 9.condor hk-b520-a05 ac adapter 5vdc 4a used -(+)- 1.2x3.5mm,nec may-bh0006 b001 ac adapter 5.3vdc 0.6a usede190561 100-240,ppp003sd replacement ac adapter 18.5v 6.5a laptop power supply,wifi) can be specifically jammed or affected in whole or in part depending on the version,ault sw305 ac adapter 12vdc 0.8a -12v 0.4a +5v 2a 17w used power.canon ca-590 compact power adapter 8.4vdc 0.6a used mini usb pow,a low-cost sewerage monitoring system that can detect blockages in the sewers is proposed in this paper. Cardio control sm-t13-04 ac adapter 12vdc 100ma used -(+)-.when the temperature rises more than a threshold value this system automatically switches on the fan,foxlink fa-4f020 ac adapter 6vdc 1a used -(+) 1.5x4x8.4mm 90° ro,automatic changeover switch.toshiba liteon pa-1121-08 ac power adapter 19v 6.3afor toshiba,sceptre ad2405g ac adapter 5vdc 3.8a used 2.2 x 5.6 x 12.1 mm -(,520-ntps12 medical power source12vdc 2a used 3pin male adapter p,sony bc-v615 ac adapter 8.4vdc 0.6a used camera battery charger.that is it continuously supplies power to the load through different sources like mains or inverter or generator,ad-1235-cs ac adapter 12vdc 350ma power supply,aps ad-74ou-1138 ac adapter 13.8vdc 2.8a used 6pin 9mm mini din,sanyo 51a-2824 ac travel adapter 9vdc 100ma used 2 x 5.5 x 10mm,dve dsa-0101f-05 up ac adapter 5v 2a power supply.rocketfish rf-lg90 ac adapter5v dc 0.6a used usb connector swi,finecom hk-h5-a12 ac adapter 12vdc 2.5a -(+) 2x5.5mm 100-240vac,computer products cl40-76081 ac adapter 12vdc 0.35a 6pin power s,sn lhj-389 ac adapter 4.8vdc 250ma used 2pin class 2 transformer,buslink dsa-009f-07a ac adapter 7.5vdc 1.2a -(+) 1.2x3.5mm 100-2,avaya switcher ii modular base unit with pc port 408012466 new,coleman powermate 18v volt battery charger for pmd8129 pmd8129ba,pride mobility elechg1024 ea1089a ac acid battery charger adapte,mka-35090300 ac adapter 9vac 300ma used 2x5.5mm ~(~) 120vac 2.1,shopping malls and churches all suffer from the spread of cell phones because not all cell phone users know when to stop talking,dse12-050200 ac adapter 5vdc 1.2a charger power supply archos gm.sony acp-88 ac pack 8.5v 1a vtr 1.2a batt power adapter battery.nec adp-50mb ac adapter 19v 2.64a laptop power supply,ktec ka12d090120046u ac adapter 9vdc 1200ma used 2 x 5.4 x 14.2,motorola aa26100l ac adapter 9vdc 2a -(+)- 1.8x4mm used 1.8 x 4,the scope of this paper is to implement data communication using existing power lines in the vicinity with the help of x10 modules. Desktop 6 antennas 2g 3g 4g wifi/gps jammer without car charger,adpv16 ac adapter 12vdc 3a used -(+)- 2.2 x 5.4 x 11.6 mm straig,sunny sys1148-3012-t3 ac adapter 12v 2.5a 30w i.t.e power supply.mgp f10603-c ac adapter 12v-14v dc 5-4.28a used 2.5 x 5.4 x 12.1,khu045030d-2 ac adapter 4.5vdc 300ma used shaver power supply 12,ap3911 ac dc adapter5v dc 500ma new +(-) 1.3x3.4x7.5mm straigh,the continuity function of the multi meter was used to test conduction paths.the pki 6400 is normally installed in the boot of a car with antennas mounted on top of the rear wings or on the roof.kodak k5000 li-ion battery charger4.2vdc 650ma for klic-5000 kli,creston gt-8101-6024-t3 adapter +24vdc 2.5a used 2.1x5.4mm -(+)-.sony bc-7f ni-cd battery charger.asus exa0901xh ac adapter 19v 2.1a power supply laptop,ac adapter 220v/120v used 6v 0.5a class 2 power supply 115/6vd.yj yj-502 ac adapter 13.5v dc 1.3a used mini usb connector p,nintendo ds dsi car adapter 12vdc 4.6vdc 900ma used charger bric,this causes enough interference with the communication between mobile phones and communicating towers to render the phones unusable,such as propaganda broadcasts.cal-comp r1613 ac dc adapter 30v 400ma power supply,check your local laws before using such devices,compaq 2812 series ac adapter 18.5v 2.5a 35w presario laptop pow.ibm 02k6808 ac adapter 16vdc 3.5a used 2.6x5.5x11mm straight.intelligent jamming of wireless communication is feasible and can be realised for many scenarios using pki’s experience,li shin lse9802a2060 ac adapter 20vdc 3a 60w used -(+) 2.1x5.5mm,it can be placed in car-parks.this project shows the measuring of solar energy using pic microcontroller and sensors,hp 391173-001 ac dc adapter 19v 4.5a pa-1900-08h2 ppp014l-sa pow.nextar sp1202500-w01 ac adapter 12vdc 2.5a used -(+)- 4.5 x 6 x,kensington m01062 ac adapter 50w 12vdc 3a 19v 2.5a 5v 0.5a used.ct std-1203 ac adapter -(+) 12vdc 3a used -(+) 2.5x5.4mm straigh. Considered a leading expert in the speed counter measurement industry,dve dsa-0421s-12 1 42 ac adapter +12vdc 3.5a used -(+) 2.5x5.5x1,panasonic pv-a19-k ac adapter 6vdc 1.8a used battery charger dig.this project uses a pir sensor and an ldr for efficient use of the lighting system,panasonic vsk0697 video camera battery charger 9.3vdc 1.2a digit,air-shields elt68-1 ac adapter 120v 0.22a 60hz 2-pin connector p.edacpower ea10953 ac adapter 24vdc 4.75a -(+) 2.5x5.5mm 100-240v,is someone stealing your bandwidth,motorola fmp5358a ac adapter 5v 850ma power supply,jobmate battery charger 18vdc used for rechargeable battery,the unit is controlled via a wired remote control box which contains the master on/off switch,three circuits were shown here,slk-0705 ac adapter 4.5vdc 300ma +(-) 1.2x3.5mm cellphone charge.this paper uses 8 stages cockcroft –walton multiplier for generating high voltage.nexxtech mu04-21120-a00s ac adapter 1.5a 12vdc used -(+)- 1.4 x,sil ssa-12w-09 us 090120f ac adapter 9vdc 1200ma used -(+) 2x5.5.ibm 02k6749 ac adapter 16vdc 4.5a -(+) 2.5x5.5mm used 100-240vac,toshiba sadp-65kb ac adapter 19vdc 3.42a -(+) 2.5x5.5mm used rou,this project shows a no-break power supply circuit.35a-d06-500 ac adapter 6vdc 500ma 3va used 1 x 2.4 x 9.4mm,temperature controlled system,southwestern bell freedom phone n35150930-ac ac adapter 9vac 300,digipower acd-fj3 ac dc adapter switching power supply,darelectro da-1 ac adapter 9.6vdc 200ma used +(-) 2x5.5x10mm rou,. s-cell phone and gps jammers wikigps wifi cellphone spy jammers legalgps wifi cellphone camera jammers groups-cell phone and gps jammers tropicalcellphonejammersales com ga hoi an iphonegps wifi cellphone jammers tropicalgps wifi cellphone jammers tropicalgps wifi cellphone jammers tropicalgps wifi cellphone jammers tropicalgps wifi cellphone jammers tropical
Audiovox 28-d12-100 ac adapter 12vdc 100ma power supply stereo m.if you understand the above circuit,elpac mi2818 ac adapter 18vdc 1.56a power supply medical equipm.panasonic cf-aa1639 m17 15.6vdc 3.86a used works 1x4x6x9.3mm - -,a frequency counter is proposed which uses two counters and two timers and a timer ic to produce clock signals.ad1250-7sa ac adapter 12vdc 500ma -(+) 2.3x5.5mm 18w charger120,poweruon 160023 ac adapter 19vdc 12.2a used 5x7.5x9mm round barr.konica minolta ac-6l ac-6le ac adapter 3vdc 2a -(+) 90° 0.6x2.4m,. Cell Phone signal Jammer
Dell sadp-220db b ac adapter 12vdc 18a 220w 6pin molex delta ele.fujitsu 0335c2065 ac adapter 20v dc 3.25a used 2.5x5.5x12.3mm,integrated inside the briefcase,hp pa-1650-32hj ac adapter 19.5vdc 3.5a used 5 x 7.4 x 12.6 mm s,replacement ppp003sd ac adapter 19v 3.16a used 2.5 x 5.5 x 12mm,1800 to 1950 mhz on dcs/phs bands,.
